A Review of Ultrasonic Reflectometry for the Physical Characterization of Lubricated Tribological Contacts: History,Methods, Devices,and Technological Trends

Tribology Letters - The tribological behavior of a nickel-based single crystal superalloy treated by shot-peening has been investigated. Friction tests under three normal loads and three...     

Phenolic profiling reveals the metabolite basis of flesh colour and fresh-cut browning in apple fruit

Flesh colour, which is affected by cultivars and browning, can largely impact consumer acceptance in fresh-cut apples. The study profiled phenolic metabolites from apple flesh of twenty-three cultivars by widely targeted metabolomics. Comparison among white- and yellow-fleshed cultivars showed fifteen phenolics, mainly quercetin 3-O-glucoside, hyperoside, hesperetin 5-O-glucoside and cymaroside, in white-fleshed apples were significantly higher than those in yellow-fleshed apples. It may indicate a metabolite basis of yellow and white flesh colour, and better potential nutrition in white-fleshed apples. In addition, ten phenolic metabolites including five cyanidin glycosides showed significant differences between the highest and the lowest browning groups, indicating them may be crucial in browning of fresh-cut apple. This work elucidates the differences of phenolic profiles among apple cultivars with different flesh colour and provides useful data to evaluate the suitability of apple for fresh-cut processing.     

A novel method of shrimp blanching by CO2 heat pump: Quality,energy, and economy analysis

To reduce the energy consumption of the shrimp blanching process and improve the economic value of the blanched product, a transcritical CO₂ heat pump blanching system (THPB system) was designed in this paper. The trends of astaxanthin were investigated at atmospheric pressure near boiling temperature, combined with the color and structural properties of shrimp samples, and the optimal blanching times of 270 s and 240 s were obtained at 90°C and 95°C, respectively. In contrast to the fuel blanching system (FB system) at 100°C, the annual standard coal consumption of the THPB system with 90°C blanching is decreased by 79%, and the annual operating cost can be saved by CNY 63,800, with a payback period of about 3.13 years.Industrial relevanceBlanching is one of the effective ways to prolong the shelf life of shrimp. However, the research on the blanching time and temperature of shrimp is not comprehensive. In addition, the traditional fuel blanching process has high energy consumption and pollution, and can no longer meet the quality requirements of the modern food processing industry. Heat pump has been shown to have better performance in food drying, but it is less used in blanching. The information presented in this study may provide other insights into food processing.     

量子线性卷积及其在图像处理中的应用

线性卷积在图像处理中发挥着重要作用,但是在处理海量高分辨率图像时,求解线性卷积会消耗许多计算资源.为此,本文就量子线性卷积及其在图像处理问题中的应用开展相关研究,首先提出单通道,单位步长,零补充情况下的量子一维和二维线性卷积,然后实现多通道,非单位步长,非零补充的情况,最后将量子二维线性卷积应用于量子图像平滑,量子图像锐化和量子图像边缘检测.通过理论分析证明了量子线性卷积的空间复杂度O（logM）和时间复杂度O（log²M）较经典线性卷积有指数级下降,且基于Qiskit的仿真实验成功验证了量子线性卷积和量子图像处理算法的正确性和可行性.     

Performance of BaZrO3/Y2O3 dual-phase refractory applied to TiAl alloy melting

Vacuum induction melting is a potential process for the preparation of TiAl alloys with good homogeneity and low cost. But the crucial problem is a selection of high stability refractory. In this study, a BaZrO₃/Y₂O₃ dual-phase refractory was prepared and its performance for melting TiAl alloys was studied and compared with that of a Y₂O₃ refractory. The results showed the dual-phase refractory consisted of BaZr_1-xY_xO_3-δ and Y₂O₃(ZrO₂), exhibited a thinner interaction layer (30 μm) than the Y₂O₃ refractory (90 μm) after melting the TiAl alloy. Although the TiAl alloys melted in the dual-phase and Y₂O₃ refractory exhibited similar oxygen contamination (<0.1 wt%), the alloy melted in the dual-phase refractory had smaller Y₂O₃ inclusion content and size than that in the Y₂O₃ refractory, indicating that the dual-phase refractory exhibited a better melting performance than the Y₂O₃ refractory. This study provides insights into the process of designing highly stable refractory for melting TiAl alloys.     

基于条件信息卷积生成对抗网络的图像识别

传统的图像识别方法需要大量有标签样本进行训练，且模型训练难以达到稳定。针对这些问题，结合条件生成网络和信息最大化生成网络的结构优势建立了条件信息卷积生成网络（C-Info-DCGAN）。模型增加图像的类别信息和潜在信息作为输入数据，然后利用Q网络去更好地发挥类别信息和潜在信息对训练的引导作用，并且利用深度卷积网络来加强对图像特征的提取能力。实验结果表明，该方法能够加快模型训练收敛速度，并有效提高图像识别的准确率。     

Particle filter algorithm based spatial motion tracking of football landing location

In order to improve the accuracy of the tracking of football landing location, a football landing location and spatial motion tracking system based on APRBA multi-camera was proposed. First of all, the study of football movement locus model was conducted. Without considering the speed limit and direction restriction, Bayesian state evolution model was constructed, and based on path loss model, the moving target positioning observation model was established. Secondly, by using the ultrasonic food source localization of the proposed APRBA algorithm and the next target prediction, the particle filter algorithm was improved to realize the effective improvement of target tracking accuracy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed target tracking algorithm was verified in the tracking experiment of the moving target model.

     

皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)不同部位肌肉的蛋白分布特性

为了更好地了解鲍鱼的原料学属性,分析测定了皱纹盘鲍腹足肌肉三部位(闭壳肌、过渡区和裙边)的营养成分、蛋白组成及分布,并用光学显微镜观察了三部位肌肉的组织结构。结果表明,三个部位中闭壳肌部分的水分含量最低,而粗蛋白与粗脂肪最高;三部位中盐溶性蛋白与非蛋白氮含量较高,水溶性蛋白含量最低,裙边的肌基质蛋白的含量约为过渡区的2倍,闭壳肌部分的3倍,胶原蛋白含量丰富;SDS-PAGE中闭壳肌与过渡区部分蛋白分布相似,蛋白组成比裙边部分丰富;光学显微镜图中肌原纤维与胶原纤维的分布与蛋白含量测定结果一致,且肌肉纤维的横截面与纵截面中肌纤维的形态有所差异。鲍鱼三部分肌肉性质存在差异,研究结果可为鲍鱼的进一步加工和开发提供理论参考和实践依据。     

Representing financial data streams in digital simulations to support data flow design for a future Digital Twin

Discrete Event Simulations may be used to forecast detailed production system behaviour under future conditions and support better informed decision making. However, data beyond production metrics, e.g. financial information, is also necessary for most significant decisions. Herein a modelling approach is proposed and demonstrated based on simulating both production and financial transactions. The contribution of this paper is to represent the base production events as well as additional events which trigger financial transactions. The method is demonstrated for an idealised production business, employing Discrete Event Simulation and examining the impact of system labour arrangements on the business cash flow with a variable demand based on a normal probability distribution function (with distinct means and variances for each product). Based on the financial transactions a representation of a detail commercial scenario may be modelled alongside the production events. The presented studies identify the potential sensitivity of analysis to the volume and timing of transactions on accumulated accounting metrics such as profit. Additionally the paper illustrates how such a modelling approach can be used to characterise the system and assess specific control strategies when both production and finance data streams are available.     

How current and future urban patterns respond to urban planning? An integrated cellular automata modeling approach

While many publications predict future urban scenarios, few have deliberated the impact of issued urban planning on scenario prediction. We propose a planning-constrained model (named PCGA-CA) that integrates cellular automata (CA) and genetic algorithm (GA) to simulate current and future urban patterns under the spatial constraints of urban planning. The planning regulations include three types: fully allowed area (FAA), partially allowed area (PAA), and strictly prohibited area (SPA), where we propose a planning implementation parameter (PIP) to represent the stringency in PAA. Under different PIPs, we apply the PCGA-CA model to simulate the 2015 urban patterns and predict the 2030 and 2045 scenarios for Ningbo city, China. The results show that the regulations substantially affect the simulation accuracy and urban pattern. As the planning regulations become less stringent, the accuracy decreases from 90.3% to 89.4% and the urban pattern becomes less compact. In particular, the urban pattern is the most compact when the regulations are not imposed. The PCGA-CA predicts the quantity and location of illegal urban development, and identifies spatially varying urban growth across planning regulations. For the same year, the urban patterns with different PIPs illustrate substantial differences in landscape metrics. The simulations of the current urban pattern should help urban planners and local authorities assess past implementations of urban planning, while the scenario predictions can offer a view of the future by evaluating the consequences of different planning regulations.